Topic analysis involves breaking down essay questions into their component parts.

Direction words These verbs tell you what is required of you. Examples of direction words are analyse, argue, assess, comment, compare, contrast, describe, discuss, evaluate, examine, explain, identify, illustrate, justify, outline, review, state, summarise. (For more information see The Southern Cross University Study Guide).
Limiting words or phrases These limit the key concept to make it more specific. They may be numeric (eg. Discuss two perspectives), indicate importance (eg. What is the crucial variable), identify specific periods (eg. the sixties , the 1980s ) or geographic areas (eg. northern New South Wales, Sydney).
Key concept This is the focus of the question - what you need to write about. It helps you to identify the words or phrases that best describe your topic. If you do not identify this correctly, you may miss the point of the question.
 
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